Re-Designing Refugee Communities, Settlement Design, Large Community Site Design

Discussion in 'The big picture' started by Marcus Busby, Sep 19, 2015.

  1. Marcus Busby

    Marcus Busby Junior Member

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    Ad Hoc Urbanism: 7 Social Housing Projects Inspired by Informal Settlements
    continued from prevoius post (Source: https://architizer.com/blog/informal-social-housing/):

    Social Housing by Aravena / Elemental S.A., Monterrey, Mexico

    This Mexican social housing project by Pritzker Prize-winning architect Alejandro Aravena continues the firm’s commitment to experimental yet sensitive approaches to housing solutions. The project is a single continuous building with a single-family home on the ground floor and apartments on the second and third floors. There are a number of porous openings occurring along the units, which allow the residents and owners to expand upon the home as their needs change. This approach has been successful in the past, with the additions increasing the value and desirability of the homes.



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    Acoiris Sur by Robert Rijo + arquitectos asociados, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic

    Set in an area of significant industrial development where informal settlements have popped up to accommodate the growing number of workers, this housing plot seeks to ease the burden of housing for local workers. There are three types of units in the complex contributing to the site’s volumetric diversity of fragmented spaces along the main artery.



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    Figueras Social Housing by Miralles Tagliabue EMBT, Figueras, Spain

    This urban housing intervention features a notched façade of chain link enclosures surrounding a series of differently sized apartments. The uneven topography of the roofline and public spaces introduce informal spatial properties to the site.



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    Centre Village by 5468796 Architects, Winnipeg, Canada

    Though this award-winning project in Canada was meant to improve social life for an economically depressed neighborhood, the area has been plagued by issues since opening (though the architects have launched a fierce defense in response to recent criticisms). The through-street and courtyards, intended to engender community and safety have in fact been a magnet for alcohol and drug use. This project, admirable in its aims, is a cautionary tale of informal-inspired housing projects.
     
    Last edited: Jul 14, 2017
  2. Marcus Busby

    Marcus Busby Junior Member

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    The above reminds me of Esther Prawira's design entry for the 2016 IKEA Foundation "What Design Can Do" Refugee Challenge

    Please see post #154 for some discussions between myself and Esther when we were discussing how our two ideas can work well together.

    Here is a link to Esther's Refugee Challenge entry, plus images below: https://refugeechallenge.unhcrideas.org/Page/ViewIdea?ideaid=6974&foolIE6=1#comment_18182

    And here is a link to my Refugee Challenge entry: https://refugeechallenge.unhcrideas.org/Page/ViewIdea?ideaid=6230&pageSize=6&pageNum=0

    Images from Esther Prawira's design entry:

    Images - Upload images or photos to illustrate your idea or solution (max 5)

    [​IMG][​IMG][​IMG][​IMG][​IMG]
     
  3. Marcus Busby

    Marcus Busby Junior Member

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    In the original GCoT Booklet, the growing of industrial hemp and other renewable building materials is proposed. It is quite feasible to construct the modules in Esther's design with hemp-based fibre panels and boards, with hemp flack insulation... and so on... this way a settlement already establishes its own circular economy and generates a proportion of its building materials... "a city that grows, flowers and fruits..."
     
  4. Marcus Busby

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  5. Marcus Busby

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    "Kenya plans to give some 500,000 refugees living in two sprawling northern camps the right to work and use land for business and farming."

    source: https://allafrica.com/stories/201706210441.html


    Refugees wait with their belongings to be collected for their transfer to Dadaab camps (file photo).

    Article by Daniel Wesangula - reproduced in-part below:

    The Refugees Bill, which recently went through its third and final reading in parliament, will become law once the president assents to it, Agostinho Neto, the member of parliament behind the bill, told the Thomson Reuters Foundation on Tuesday.

    "We hope that the bill will provide a durable solution to the problems facing refugees in our country," he said.

    "This is a progressive law that is forward-looking and will help manage future refugee populations."

    Legally, all refugees in Kenya must live in camps and cannot work, even though some arrived three decades ago.

    Food rations for refugees in Kenya, mainly from war-torn neighbouring South Sudan and Somalia, have been cut repeatedly due to funding shortages.

    Kenya joins a number of organisations, such as the United Nations and World Bank, that are shifting their approach to offer longer-term help for refugees to become more self-sufficient.

    Nearly 66 million people globally have fled their homes because of violence, oppression or drought..

    "Some of the key elements in the bill include the access to land and work permits, which are a great step in ensuring self-reliance and integration of refugees," said Imaana Koome, programme officer at the Refugee Consortium of Kenya.

    Work permits will only be granted to refugees with certain skills, he said, and they will not be allowed to sell land.

    There have been tensions between poor locals living around the Dadaab and Kakuma camps, who often suffer drought and hunger, and the refugees who receive free food, healthcare and education.

    "Hospitals, schools and water points set up within the camps for exclusive use by refugees created feelings of marginalisation amongst the host communities," Neto said.

    "We hope the bill will address all these."

    Kenyans will be allowed to use services in the camps, he said, and funds will be raised to address environmental degradation caused by refugees felling trees for firewood.

    Full article: https://allafrica.com/stories/201706210441.html
     
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  6. Marcus Busby

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    Source: https://www.architectmagazine.com/d...build-shelters-for-the-kalobeyei-settlement_o

    Shigeru Ban and UN-Habitat Will Build Shelters for the Kalobeyei Settlement
    Last week, the Pritzker Prize winning architect, signed an agreement to design 12,000 sustainable shelters for refugees in Kenya.
    By AYDA AYOUBI
    [​IMG]
    Shigeru Ban ArchitectsPaper Emergency Shelter, Haiti, 2010.

    This past week, the United Nations Human Settlements Program (UN-Habitat), announced a new partnership with 2014 Pritzker Prize winner Shigeru Ban, Hon. FAIA, who will be designing up to 12,000 refugee shelters for the Kalobeyei Settlement—a refugee camp in Northern Kenya, that was established in 2015, and now houses more than 37,000 South Sudanese refugees.

    Ban, who signed the agreement last week on site, assessed the socioeconomic condition of the camp, and announced that he will be focusing on designing a sustainable shelter that would require brief technical supervision, use local materials, and be easy to maintain. According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) Kenya, this is a crucial factor, because "on average many displaced persons spend more than 16 years living as refugees in temporary shelter."

    The Japanese architect, who is known for his humanitarian projects in countries such as Haiti, China, India, Japan, and Nepal, will have to tackle many obstacles for this upcoming project. The camp that was originally designed to shelter 45,000 displaced people is now facing an increased influx of refugees due to a migrant crisis caused by the South Sudanese Civil War in 2013. As a result, many of the current shelters are dilapidated. Lack of sufficient water supply, harsh climate, deforestation, and the camp's isolated location are among other major constrains facing the team.

    As part of the design process, the Voluntary Architects Network (VAN),—a nongovernmental organization established by Ban—and the UN-Habitat will be conducting participatory workshops with "the representatives from refugee and host communit[ies]", as well as "the county officers," says UN-Habitat's project coordinator, Yuka Terada.

    According to the UNHCR Kenya, the design will be tested on 20 shelters before it will be sent for mass production and eventually replace the current temporary structures at the camp.

    Read our past coverage of emergency shelters Ban designed for Nepalese who were affected by the 2015 earthquake here.
     
  7. Marcus Busby

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  8. Marcus Busby

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  9. Marcus Busby

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    source: https://www.citylab.com/equity/2017...is-a-city-crisis/544083/?utm_source=SFTwitter

    The Refugee Crisis Is a City Crisis

    1. BRUCE KATZ
    2. JESSICA BRANDT
    OCT 27, 2017
    World leaders are negotiating a global compact on refugees. Urban leaders need a seat at that table.

    UN High Commissioner for Refugees Filippo Grandi spoke last month during the General Assembly in New York to talk about a new approach for dealing with refugees, one in which those forced to flee their homes are integrated more permanently into urban areas rather than isolated in camps. “Inclusion is the name of the game,” Grandi said. Under this new model, “Cities are frontline players in dealing with refugees.”
     
  10. Marcus Busby

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    source: https://www.theguardian.com/environ...orlds-biggest-refugee-crisis?CMP=share_btn_tw

    Climate change 'will create world's biggest refugee crisis'

    Experts warn refugees could number tens of millions in the next decade, and call for a new legal framework to protect the most vulnerable
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    Successive droughts, like those seen in sub-Saharan Africa, could cause millions to migrate to Europe. Photograph: Peter Caton/Tearfund

    By Matthew Taylor

    Thursday 2 November 2017

    Tens of millions of people will be forced from their homes by climate change in the next decade, creating the biggest refugee crisis the world has ever seen, according to a new report.
     
  11. Marcus Busby

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  12. Marcus Busby

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    Source: https://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/...n-to-episode-eight-of-prospects-ideas-podcast
    Podcast (20mins) : https://soundcloud.com/prospect-howtofix/refugee-camps
    Tweet: https://twitter.com/BloomfieldSJ/status/928594099900502017

    How to fix… refugee camps: Listen to episode eight of Prospect’s ideas podcast


    This week, I'm joined by Kilian Kleinschmidt and Ben Rawlence

    by Steve Bloomfield / November 9, 2017

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    Right now, there are 65.6 million people around the world who have been forcibly displaced. That’s roughly equivalent to the population of Britain. Of those, 22.5 million are refugees. Of those, less than 200,000 were resettled last year in another country. So what about the rest? Well, many of them are in camps. We think of the refugee camp as a temporary structure. A place of tents and well-meaning aid workers in white t-shirts handing out food and medicine. And at first, they can be. But as the weeks turn into months and the months into years and the years into decades, and refugees still can’t go home, they are left in limbo. The aid often dries up. The camps become dangerous. Solutions are thin on the ground.

    In this week’s show, Steve Bloomfield and Stephanie Boland are joined by:
    • Kilian Kleinschmidt, former director of the Zaatari refuge camp
    • Ben Rawlence, author of City of Thorns
    Further reading
    Here’s a review of Ben’s brilliant book, City of Thorns.
    Here’s a profile of Kilian Kleinschmidt from his time as the director of Zaatari.
     
    Last edited: Nov 11, 2017
  13. Marcus Busby

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    Source: https://www.dezeen.com/2017/10/21/v...s-urban-planning-live-stream-movie-eindhoven/

    Our second talk live from Dutch Design Week explores how design can help refugees




    Trudie Carter | 21 October 2017

    Design's role in the ongoing refugee crisis is the focus of our next Good Design for a Bad World talk, which is the second in a five-part series we're streaming live from Dutch Design Week.

    Dutch Design Week international ambassador Marcus Fairs hosts the discussion, which questions how design, architecture and urbanism could make life easier for refugees and host communities.

    He is joined by former refugee camp manager and humanitarian consultant Kilian Kleinschmidt to discuss how the urban design of refugee camps could be improved. Also on the panel are architecture historian Michelle Provoost and critic Rene Boer, who will examine whether design can stem the tide of population movements.
     
  14. Marcus Busby

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  15. Marcus Busby

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    Source: https://www.thenatureofcities.com/2...needs-smarter-ecological-resilience-thinking/

    The Smart (Cyborg) City Needs Smarter Ecological Resilience Thinking
    Stephan Barthel, Stockholm. Johan Colding, Stockholm.
    2 July 2017

    The literature around the smart city concept appears to rest on the idea of environmental modernization, a paradigm placing particular emphasis on enhancing economic and social sustainability. However, this literature puts hardly any emphasis on ecological sustainability, nor does it include the role of ecosystem services, such as those generated by urban agricultures or wetlands and which could be viewed as technologies, for building urban resilience towards internal- and external disturbances.

    Colding, J., Barthel, S., 2017. An Urban Ecology Critique on the “Smart City” model. Journal of Cleaner Production 164: 95-101. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.06.191

     
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  17. Marcus Busby

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  18. Marcus Busby

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    Source: https://www.citiestobe.com/the-role-of-cities-in-migrant-and-refugee-integration/

    The role of cities in migrant and refugee integration

    By Parvati Nair | 2017

    Video (4:14) https://player.vimeo.com/video/194334251

    Prof. Parvati Nair explores the idea of how migration and refugees are shaping cities in terms of urbanisation. Cities play a dynamic role defining ways in which migrants can make a new life in a new place. In that sense, she highlights Barcelona and New York as committed and welcoming cities.

    Parvati Nair

    [​IMG]

    Prof. Dr. Parvati Nair has taught and published in the fields of Cultural Studies and Hispanic Studies. Her particular areas of focus are on questions of gender, ethnicity and cultural identity in contexts of mobility and displacement. She also writes on the representations of migration in cultural media, especially photography. She is the Principal Editor of the refereed journal Crossings: Journal of Migration and Culture.
     
  19. Marcus Busby

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  20. Marcus Busby

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    SOURCE: https://lemontreetrust.org/publications/

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    Home > Publications

    We produce publications, films and articles in order to raise the advocate for the importance of urban agriculture in refugee camps and to share knowledge about what works.


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    Transforming Land, Transforming Lives – Greening Innovation and Urban Agriculture in the Context of Forced Displacement
    Lemon Tree Trust (2017)
    Booklet available here

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    Growing Food Growing Home Growing Dignity
    Lemon Tree Trust (2017)
    Profile available here


    Thriving Spaces: The Benefits and Challenges of Incorporating Urban Agriculture into Refugee Camp Infrastructurefor Refugee Camps
    Forced Migration Review 55: pages 46-48 (2017)
    Article available here


    Agroforestry for Refugee Camps
    Agriculture for Development, 28 (2016)
    Article available here


    Urban Farming and Urban Planning in Times of Crisis
    Urban Agriculture Magazine, 31 (2016)
    Article available here


    Supporting Refugees Through Greening Innovation and Urban Agriculture
    Lemon Tree Trust, No. 1 (2017)
    Biannual report available here


    Transforming Land Transforming Lives
    Lemon Tree Trust (2017)
    Leaflet – low res available here
    Leaflet – high res available here
     

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